Automate Python Scripts Using PM2: A Comprehensive Guide
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Script Automation
In the realm of data science, there often arises a need to run Python scripts at regular intervals to ensure that your data collection processes remain current. This is crucial for maintaining the accuracy of your results. Whether you need to execute a script every few minutes, hours, or at specific times throughout the day, manually doing so can be a tedious chore. Therefore, automating your script execution is vital!
You might find numerous articles online discussing various automation tools. For Windows users, the Windows Task Scheduler is a popular choice, allowing you to schedule the execution of any executable or batch files. While it offers a user-friendly interface, some users may not find it particularly appealing (source here).
On the other hand, if you are utilizing macOS or Linux, Crontab could be your go-to solution. However, managing multiple scripts or jobs can become cumbersome with Crontab.
Instead, let's explore an alternative solution: PM2!
Section 1.1: What is PM2?
PM2 is a process manager designed primarily for Node.js applications. As someone who has worked extensively with Node.js in web development, I encountered significant challenges in scheduling and managing multiple applications using CRON until I discovered PM2! Since then, my workflow has significantly improved.
PM2 allows your applications to run continuously and automatically reloads them when updates are made. Additionally, you can manually set reload times using CRON or adjust restart delays for any application. Best of all, PM2 is compatible with all major operating systems!
But wait… is PM2 exclusively for Node.js applications?
Absolutely not! Although PM2 is optimized for Node.js, it can also manage scripts written in other programming languages. After experimenting with it for a while, I successfully managed to run Python scripts using PM2!
Now, let’s dive into how to schedule and automate your Python scripts with PM2!
Section 1.2: Installing PM2
The installation process for PM2 is straightforward and can be accomplished with just a single command. You can use either npm or yarn to install it:
$ npm install pm2@latest -g
# OR
$ yarn global add pm2
And you’re all set! To verify the installation, simply run:
$ pm2 -v
If you are using PM2 on Windows 10, you might encounter an error related to an undefined ExecutionPolicy the first time you run it. You can resolve this by executing the following command:
$ Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope CurrentUser -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted
Chapter 2: Running Your Python Script with PM2
Now that PM2 is installed, you can start executing your Python scripts with it. Use the following command to begin:
$ pm2 start your_script.py
The first video provides insights into managing Flask Python applications using PM2, showcasing how to run apps in the background effectively.
The second video illustrates the process of executing a Python3 script with PM2, offering practical steps for seamless integration.